The Effect of Salmon DNA Polynucleotide on Cell Migration Percentage and the Expression of Collagen Type 1 (COL1A1) and Elastin (ELN) Genes in Injured Fibroblast Cell Lines

Abstract

Background: People with sensitive skin often have compromised barrier function, hindering the wound healing process. Collagen and elastin are essential in all wound healing stages, from hemostasis to tissue remodeling. Salmon DNA polynucleotide (PN) is increasingly used in beauty clinics for sensitive skin indications due to its regenerative properties. This study aimed to explore the salmon-derived PN as anti-aging agent and its impact on wound healing in scratch-induced fibroblast cell cultures by evaluating cell migration and the expression of type I collagen (COL1A1) and elastin (ELN) genes.

Methods: This study used BJ cell cultures from human skin fibroblasts. The cell migration was analyzed microscopically using ImageJ software, while COL1A1 and ELN expression were measured by qRT-PCR.

Results: The IC₅₀ of PN was 3.214%. The 0.78% PN concentration showed the highest cell migration, increasing by 33.80% at 48 hr post-scratch. PN also enhanced COL1A1 and ELN expression, with the most effective concentration among the tested concentrations observed at 0.78%.

Conclusion: PN has been demonstrated to enhance fibroblast migration and increase COL1A1 and ELN gene expression in an in vitro scratch-injury model. Future studies to confirm these findings on experimental animals and human clinical trials are essential.