The Potential of Human Wharton’s Jelly Mesenchymal Stem Cells Secretome Based  Topical Gel for Therapeutic Application

Wahyu  Widowati; Ahmad  Faried; Rimonta Febby  Gunanegara; Fanny  Rahardja; Fadhilah Haifa  Zahiroh; Annisa Firdaus  Sutendi; Faradhina  Salfa Nindya; Rizal  Azis; Renandy Kristianlie  Ekajaya

doi:10.18502/ajmb.v16i4.16739

Wahyu Widowati Faculty of Medicine, Maranatha Christian University, Bandung, 40164, Indonesia
Ahmad Faried Department of Neurosurgery, Oncology & Stem Cell Working Group, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 40161, Indonesia
Rimonta Febby Gunanegara Faculty of Medicine, Maranatha Christian University, Bandung, 40164, Indonesia
Fanny Rahardja Faculty of Medicine, Maranatha Christian University, Bandung, 40164, Indonesia
Fadhilah Haifa Zahiroh Biomolecular and Biomedical Research Center Bandung, Aretha Medika Utama, Bandung 40164, Indonesia
Annisa Firdaus Sutendi Biomolecular and Biomedical Research Center Bandung, Aretha Medika Utama, Bandung 40164, Indonesia
Faradhina Salfa Nindya Biomolecular and Biomedical Research Center Bandung, Aretha Medika Utama, Bandung 40164, Indonesia
Rizal Azis Biomedical Engineering Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Indonesia,Depok, Indonesia
Renandy Kristianlie Ekajaya Biology Study Program, Faculty of Mathematics and Science Education, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Bandung, 40154, Indonesia

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18502/ajmb.v16i4.16739

Keywords: Antioxidants, Carbomer gel, Freeze dried secretome gel, hWJ-MSCs, Wound healing

Abstract

Background: Diabetic Foot Ulcer (DFU) might be worsened by neuropathy and vascular issues. This condition can cause 14.3% fatality, stressing the need for effective wound healing therapy. Wound healing is a complex biological process, and human Wharton's Jelly Mesenchymal Stem Cells (hWJMSCs) may help manage DFU treatment issues. This research focuses on utilizing a gel carrier to deliver bioactive substances from Wharton's Jelly Mesenchymal Stem Cells secretome (hWJ-MSCs-Sec) as a possible treatment for DFU.

Methods: To maintain quality, hWJMSCs-Sec is thoroughly mixed with carbomer gel and freeze-dried. ELISA test is performed to determine the characterization of the gel of hWJMSCs-Sec such as Keratinocyte Growth Factor (KGF), Platelet-Derived Growth Factor (PDGF), Hepatocyte Growth Factor (HGF), Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF), and Heparin-Binding EGF-Like Growth Factor (HB-EGF). The antioxidant activity was also measured with Hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), Nitric oxide (NO), and Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) assay. Proliferation assay was utilized using WST-8 and the wound healing potential was assessed via the migration cell ability of scratched-human skin fibroblast (BJ cells).

Results: The freeze-dried hWJ-MSCs-Sec showed higher levels of KGF, HGF, PDGF, EGF, HB-EGF, and the antioxidant activities compared to fresh hWJ-MSCs-Sec. Additionally, the gel of freeze-dried hWJ-MSCs-Sec exhibited higher levels compared to the gel of fresh hWJMSCs-Sec. This was evidenced by faster closure of scratched wounds on BJ cells treated with hWJMSCs-Sec and freeze-dried hWJ-MSCs-Sec gel.

Conclusion: The freeze-dried hWJ-MSCs-Sec gel exhibits superior quality compared to the non-freeze-dried hWJ-MSCs-Sec gel. This demonstrates that the freeze-drying procedure can maintain the bioactive chemicals found in hWJMSCs-Sec, potentially enhancing the efficacy of this gel in promoting cell regeneration for wound healing.