Therapeutic Outcome of Posterior Surgical Correction and Fusion in Patients with Idiopathic Scoliosis Lenke Type 1

Abstract

Background: Idiopathic scoliosis is a lateral curvature of the spine with rotation, occurring without congenital or musculoskeletal abnormalities. This study evaluated outcomes of patients with idiopathic scoliosis (Lenke type 1 curves) who underwent posterior spinal corrective surgery between 2018 and 2021.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, patients with Lenke type 1 curves treated at Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran, Iran, were included based on defined criteria. Following subperiosteal dissection of paravertebral muscles, pedicle screws were inserted by the free-hand technique. Spinous processes were resected, and osteotomies were performed in rigid curves using an osteotome from the lamina’s inferior border to the pars interarticularis bilaterally. Patient data were extracted from the hospital information system (HIS), and radiographs were assessed pre- and postoperatively. Cobb angles were measured on standing anteroposterior (AP) and lateral spine radiographs, and thoracic kyphosis (T5-T12) was similarly evaluated.

Results: Twenty-one patients were studied. Mean Scoliosis Research Society-22 (SRS-22) scores and curve magnitudes exhibited significant postoperative improvements (P = 0.001). In right-sided curves, both SRS-22 scores and curve magnitudes improved significantly (P = 0.001), while in left-sided curves, only the curve magnitude improved (P = 0.001). Curve correction was significant in men (P = 0.038), whereas women demonstrated significant improvements in both SRS-22 and curve magnitude (P = 0.001).

Conclusion: Surgical outcomes were comparable between genders; however, differences in SRS-22 results may reflect higher cosmetic expectations among female patients.