Discoid Lateral Meniscus in Clinical Practice: From Diagnosis to Treatment

Abstract

Discoid meniscus is the most common congenital anomaly affecting the lateral meniscus. Although many individuals remain asymptomatic, others may present with symptoms such as knee pain, swelling, and limited range of motion (ROM). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the diagnostic modality of choice, often supplemented by radiographic evaluation. The condition is classified into three types: complete, incomplete, and Wrisberg variants. In asymptomatic cases, surgical intervention is generally not indicated. However, for symptomatic individuals, arthroscopic surgery is typically recommended. The primary goals of treatment include stabilization of the meniscus, repair of any tears, and reshaping of the abnormal meniscus through a procedure known as saucerization, often performed using arthroscopy. Treatment options include partial meniscectomy, suture repair, and, in severe cases, total meniscectomy or meniscus allograft transplantation. Postoperative rehabilitation protocols are individualized, taking into account the patient’s age, activity level, and the specific surgical procedure performed.