Common Foot Fracture Patterns: A Descriptive Study on 558 Cases

Sayyed Hadi  Sayyed-Hosseinian; Mohammad Reza  Sarshar; Mahdieh  Parsaeian; Mohammad Hossein  Ebrahimzadeh; Ali  Birjandinejad

doi:10.18502/jost.v11i2.18882

Sayyed Hadi Sayyed-Hosseinian Orthopedics Surgeon, Orthopedics Research Center, Shahid Kamyab Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Mohammad Reza Sarshar Orthopedics Surgeon, Orthopedics Research Center, Shahid Kamyab Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Mahdieh Parsaeian Orthopedics Surgeon, Orthopedics Research Center, Shahid Kamyab Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Mohammad Hossein Ebrahimzadeh Orthopedics Surgeon, Orthopedics Research Center, Ghaem Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Ali Birjandinejad Orthopedics Surgeon, Orthopedics Research Center, Shahid Kamyab Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18502/jost.v11i2.18882

Keywords: Fractures; Trauma; Foot; Dislocation Fracture

Abstract

Background: Foot fractures are relatively common among trauma patients, and further research is needed to identify prevalent fracture patterns. This study aimed to explore common foot fracture patterns.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included patients admitted to a trauma center between 2018 and 2020. All patients with acute foot injuries were identified using the hospital information system (HIS). Data such as age, sex, trauma mechanism, mobile injuries, hospitalization status, and whether the injury was open or closed were extracted from patient records. Radiographies were reviewed to evaluate the location of fractures or dislocations and their anatomical classification.

Results: A total of 558 patients with an average age of 35.70 ± 16.55 years were studied, of whom 489 (67%) were men. The most common mechanism of trauma was motor vehicle accidents (240/558, 43.1%). The forefoot was the most frequently affected area (48.7%). Among the different bones, the calcaneus had the highest fracture incidence (233/558, 41.8%). There were 63 patients with dislocations, with Lisfranc dislocation being the most common (32/558, 50.8%). Calcaneus fractures were significantly more common in men than in women (P = 0.008), while fractures of the second (P = 0.010) and fifth (P = 0.011) metatarsals were significantly more common in women.

Conclusion: Calcaneus fractures were most common, especially in men, while women had more metatarsal fractures. Motor vehicle accidents were the primary cause of trauma. The mechanism of injury plays a crucial role