Evaluation of Root Canal Morphology of the Maxillary Permanent First Molar among Iraqi Population: A Cone Beam Computed Tomography Study (Retrospective Study)

Hamsa Zaki.  Al-Assadi; Ali Fadhil  Al-Qrimli; Samer Aun  Thyab

doi:10.18502/fbt.v11i4.16502

Hamsa Zaki. Al-Assadi Department of Conservative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Kerbala, Iraq
Ali Fadhil Al-Qrimli Branch of Conservative Dentistry, Self-Employed Specialist Dentist, Baghdad, Iraq
Samer Aun Thyab Department of Asthetic and Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, Iraq

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18502/fbt.v11i4.16502

Keywords: Maxillary First Molars; Root Canal Morphology; Cone Beam Computed Tomography; Second Mesiobuccal Canal.

Abstract

Purpose: Endodontic success mainly depends on the complete root canal system debridement, both mechanically and chemically. The maxillary first molar possesses one of the most complex root canal anatomy. The purpose of this study was to map the maxillary first molar's root canal anatomy and its variations. Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) was used to determine the prevalence of the Second Mesiobuccal Canal (MB2) and its possible relation to the gender of the patient in the Iraqi population.

Materials and Methods: Images from documented archives of CBCT scans for 415 patients who had maxillofacial diagnosis or root canal treatment were used in this study. Totally 656 maxillary first molars (336 females and 320 males) were included. The root canal configuration, frequency of MB2, and its two-sided symmetry were observed. The (chi-square test) was used to calculate the gender correlation. The P-value of less than 0.05 (p < 0.05) was considered significant.

Results: In 61.1% of the cases, the MB2 canal was discovered with high bilateral symmetry (73.6%). Genders did not show any statistically significant differences.

Conclusion: The existence of MB2 canal in the maxillary first molars is high and approximately more than half of the cases. No relation was found between the existence of the MB2 canal and the gender of the patient. CBCT is a clinically efficient method for the diagnosis and improvement of root canal therapy.