Improvement in Lipid Profile and Sex Hormones with Oleoylethanolamide Supplement in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Clinical Trial

Abstract

Background: Oleoylethanolamide (OEA) has shown anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects in previous studies. Considering that disruption of the lipid profile and sex hormones is a prevalent symptom in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), this study aimed to evaluate the effects of OEA supplementation in women with PCOS. Method: In a randomized placebo- controlled trial, 90 women diagnosed with PCOS were divided into two groups: one receiving 125 mg/day OEA (OG, n=45) and the other receiving a placebo (PG, n=45), for 8 weeks. Dietary intake and physical activity were assessed using validated questionnaires, and anthropometric indices were measured according to standard procedures. Moreover, serum lipid profile components and sex hormones were measured using ELISA kits. Biochemical parameters were assessed at baseline and after the intervention. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS software. Results: At the end of the study, the OG showed a significant decrease in the levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein, prolactin, and total testosterone compared to both PG and baseline (P<0.005). However, the levels of HDL, FSH, and LH did not show any significant change (P>0.005). Conclusion: With OEA antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, this fatty acid supplement can help reduce symptoms by improving dyslipidemia and sex hormone levels, especially testosterone.