Effects of Post-Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action Sanctions on Weight Gain of Pregnant Mothers, Birth Weight, and Food Security of Their Families (2017-2020)

Morteza Gohari; Maryam Khosravi; Jamshid Jamali; Golnaz Ranjbar; Majid  Khadem-Rezaiyan; Mohammad-Amin Senobari

doi:10.18502/jnfs.v9i3.16156

Morteza Gohari Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Maryam Khosravi Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran;
Jamshid Jamali Department of Biostatistics, School of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Golnaz Ranjbar Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Majid Khadem-Rezaiyan Clinical Research Development Unit, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Mohammad-Amin Senobari Department of Biostatistics, School of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran;

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18502/jnfs.v9i3.16156

Keywords: Sanctions; Joint comprehensive plan of action (JCPOA); Food security; Pregnancy; Birth weight; Generalized estimation equations (GEEs).

Abstract

Background: Sanctions against a country could be a shock to the country's economy for a specific period. Iran has been subject to various sanctions for the past 40 years, and these sanctions have intensified since 2011. Unprecedented sanctions were imposed on Iranians after the United States withdrew from the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) agreement, and a disastrous economic situation was the outcome of this international issue. The present study aims to evaluate the impact of this situation on weight gain of pregnant mothers and birth weight as well as food security of their families. Methods: The data of pregnant women and newborns were extracted from Sina Electronic Health System (SinaEHR®) questionnaires. These questionnaires were completed by trained healthcare workers in comprehensive health service centers. The data of 266,182 pregnant women were collected through questionnaires from 19 comprehensive health centers related to Razavi Khorasan province and were prepared for statistical analysis. Then, data analysis was done using the statistical method of Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE) by SPSS software. R