Evaluation of carcass condemnation and economic losses resulting from bovine tuberculosis infection in a dairy farm in Manica Province, Mozambique

Abstract

Bovine tuberculosis is a chronic infectious disease that has a considerable impact on livestock production by reducing milk and meat output, impairing animal performance, and increasing the risk of premature culling and mortality. Beyond its economic consequences, the disease represents an important public health issue because of its zoonotic nature. This study evaluated the economic impact of bovine tuberculosis by estimating carcass condemnation at slaughter and the associated production losses in a dairy farm located in Manica Province, Mozambique. Data were obtained from 100 cattle that tested positive in the tuberculin skin test. Carcass weights were recorded at the Machava Slaughterhouse, and the economic value of both approved and condemned carcass portions was calculated using the prevailing market price of beef per kilogram. Carcass sections presenting gross lesions consistent with bovine tuberculosis were classified as condemned, allowing the estimation of financial losses. The overall carcass condemnation rate attributable to bovine tuberculosis was 17.24%, corresponding to an estimated economic loss of US$11,464.32. These findings demonstrate that bovine tuberculosis imposes a substantial economic burden on dairy production, emphasizing the importance of effective disease control and eradication strategies to minimize financial losses and protect public health.