Trichomonas Vaginalis Infection in Men with High-Risk Sexual Behaviors

Abstract

Background: Trichomonas vaginalis is a protozoan pathogen of the human genitourinary tract, which is the cause of trichomoniasis. The disease is one of the most important non-viral sexually transmitted infections in the world. Many studies have been performed on the molecular identification of Trichomonas in men in different parts of the world, but in Iran, such a study has been very limited. We aimed to detect T. vaginalis in urine of men with unusual sexual behavior by wet mount microscopic observation, culturing in TYM-33 and molecular method in Tehran, Iran.

Methods: Totally, 47 urine samples were collected from men with high-risk sexual behaviors referred to Health Care Centers in South of Tehran, Iran during 2017-2018. After urine centrifugation and wet mount sediment preparation, the samples were cultured in TYM-33 medium and examined microscopically. Then DNA was extracted from urine sediment samples and finally the 18srRNA gene was amplified by PCR.

Results: Thirty-one (65.95%) urine samples were positive for T. vaginalis by PCR. Of these, only 6 (12.76%) were detected positive by wet mount method and 25 (53.19%) by culture and successive passages. 

Conclusion: The high prevalence of trichomoniasis among men with high-risk sexual behavior in Tehran indicates a potent health risk condition for families. Of course, this percentage is not the real infection rate in ordinary men in Tehran. This situation could be controlled by promoting concurrent diagnosis and treatment of T. vaginalis infection in men and women, as well as strengthening religious beliefs and health education in the individuals.