Dysregulation of Ovine Toll-Like Receptors 2 and 4 Expression by Hydatid Cyst-Derived Antigens

Nooshinmehr Soleymani; Fateme  Taran; Mohammadhossein Nazemshirazi; Abolghasem Naghibi; Maryam Torabi; Hassan Borji; Alireza Haghparast

doi:10.18502/ijpa.v16i2.6271

Nooshinmehr Soleymani Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
Fateme Taran Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
Mohammadhossein Nazemshirazi Central Laboratories of Khorasan Razavi Veterinary Organization, Mashhad, Iran
Abolghasem Naghibi Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
Maryam Torabi Central Laboratories of Khorasan Razavi Veterinary Organization, Mashhad, Iran
Hassan Borji Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
Alireza Haghparast Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18502/ijpa.v16i2.6271

Keywords: Echinococcus granulosus; Hydatid cyst; Mononuclear cells; Toll-like receptors

Abstract

Background: Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a zoonotic disease caused by infection with Echinococcus granulosus. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) as the first line of defense against various parasites play a critical role in sensing and triggering anti-parasite responses.

Methods: The study was conducted at the Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran in 2019. Ovine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were stimulated with hydatid cyst-derived antigens including hydatid cyst fluid (HCF), germinal layer antigens (GL), somatic and excretory/secretory (ES) products of protoscoleces (PSC). To investigate whether the expression of TLR2 and TLR4 was altered during exposure to these antigens, PBMCs were stimulated with two different concentrations at different time points.

Results: After exposure of PBMCs to ES and somatic antigens of protoscoleces (PSC) the expression of TLR2 and TLR4 was down-regulated in comparison with control group. Similarly, HCF markedly down-regulated TLR2 and TLR4 transcripts independent of dose and time. GL antigens significantly down-regulated TLR2, while TLR4 expression was up-regulated as compared with control group.

Conclusion: Hydatid cyst-derived antigens could dysregulate the expression of TLR2 and TLR4 in ovine PBMCs, suggesting a possible mechanism to suppress host immunity to establish chronic infection.