Molecular Characterization of Theileria annulata by HSP70 Gene of India and Management of Its Infection in Cattle: A Case Report

Mritunjay  Kumar; Apurba  Debbarma; Joyabrata  Roy; Debasish  Behera; Hmar  Lalrinkima; Pratik  Bhowmik

doi:10.18502/ijpa.v20i3.19627

Mritunjay Kumar Department of Veterinary Medicine, Bihar Veterinary College, Patna, India
Apurba Debbarma Department of Veterinary Parasitology, College of Veterinary Sciences & Animal Husbandry, West Tripura, India
Joyabrata Roy Veterinary Clinical Complex, College of Veterinary Sciences & Animal Husbandry, West Tripura, India
Debasish Behera Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Sciences & Animal Husbandry, West Tripura, India
Hmar Lalrinkima Department of Veterinary Parasitology, College of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Central Agricultural University (I), Selesih, Aizawl, Mizo-ram, India
Pratik Bhowmik Department of Veterinary Parasitology, College of Veterinary Science, Assam Agricultural University, Guwahati, India

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18502/ijpa.v20i3.19627

Keywords: Anaemia; Buparvaquone; Phylogenetic inference; Theileria annulata hsp70 gene

Abstract

A 3-year-old cow which suffered from anorexia and high fever for the last 2 days was investigated at farmer door step. Detailed examination of cow showed high temperature (40.5⁰C, pale conjunctival mucous membrane, increased size of pre-scapular lymph nodes and severe tick infestation. Examination of blood smear showed the presence of Theileria spp. Haematological values showed low value of hemoglobin (4 gm/dl), TEC (2.3x10⁶/µl), PCV (14%) with mild leukocytosis (14.5x10³/µl). The biochemical values were almost within the normal reference range except for AST (88U/L). PCR amplification of the hsp70 gene was done from genomic DNA which was isolated from cattle blood and the results showed amplification of approx. 270 bp. In silico analysis of the generated DNA sequence confirm the species of the parasite as T. annulata and the phylogenetic inference of the generated sequence (MH178373) showed cladding with Theileria infecting domesticate bovines. This study proposed the use of heat-shock protein 70 (hsp70) gene of Theileria species for inter-species characterization and phylogeny. Treatment with intra-muscular single dose of Buparvaquone (Intas Pharmaceutical Pvt. Ltd., India; 2.50mg kg^-1along with intra-muscular anti-pyrectic drugs Meloxicam and Paracetamol combination (Intas Pharmaceutical Pvt. Ltd., India;15 mg kg^-1q24)for 2 days and oral preparation of haematinics (Intas Pharmaceutical Pvt. Ltd., India; 50 ml q24) for 10 days. This is the first report on molecular detection of Theileria annulata infection from cattle in Tripura, as per available scientific literature.