Properties of Compounds Citral and Geraniol on Trichomonas gallinae: Activity in Vitro and Cytotoxicity

Bruna  Baccega; Juliana Montelli  Fenalti; Alexia Brauner de  Mello; Yan Wahast  Islabão; Paloma T.  Birmann; Alessandra  Neis; Marjorie de  Giacometi; Francielle Liz  Monteiro; Silvia de Oliveira  Hubner; Rodrigo de  Almeida Vaucher; Nara Amélia da  Rosa Farias; Roghayeh  Norouzi; Abolghasem  Siyadatpanah; Camila Belmonte  Oliveira

doi:10.18502/ijpa.v19i4.17164

Bruna Baccega Parasitology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
Juliana Montelli Fenalti Parasitology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
Alexia Brauner de Mello Parasitology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
Yan Wahast Islabão Parasitology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
Paloma T. Birmann Neurobiotechnology Research Group, Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, Technological Development Center, UFPel, Brazil
Alessandra Neis Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, Technological Development Center, UFPel, Brazil
Marjorie de Giacometi Parasitology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
Francielle Liz Monteiro Laboratory of Virology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary, UFPel, Brazil
Silvia de Oliveira Hubner Laboratory of Virology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary, UFPel, Brazil
Rodrigo de Almeida Vaucher Research Laboratory in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Microorganisms (LaPeBBioM), UFPel, Brazil
Nara Amélia da Rosa Farias Parasitology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
Roghayeh Norouzi Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
Abolghasem Siyadatpanah Infectious Diseases Research Center, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
Camila Belmonte Oliveira Parasitology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18502/ijpa.v19i4.17164

Keywords: Trichomoniasis; Citral; Geraniol; Monoterpene; Cytotoxicity

Abstract

Background: Avian trichomoniasis is an important disease that causes bird mortality, both wild and captive, around the world. This study evaluated the in vitro cytotoxicity, antioxidant, and antiparasitic activity of citral (3.7-Dimetil-2.6-octadienal) and geraniol (trans-3.7-Dimetil-2.6-octadien-1-ol) against Trichomonas gallinae trophozoites.

Methods: In vitro assays were conducted at the Laboratory of Protozoology and Entomology (LAPEN) at the Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), Brazil in 2019 using tests with 10⁶parasites and citral and geraniol at concentrations ranging from 10 to 100 μM and four controls: NC (culture medium and trophozoites), MTZ (trophozoites plus 100 μM of metronidazole), and TW (trophozoites plus vehicles used for solubilizing derivatives (0.01% Tween).

Results: The citral (60 μM) and geraniol (50 μM) concentrations reduced the trophozoitesʼs viability by 100%. The molecular docking experiment demonstrated that citral and geraniol might inhibit a hydrogen enzyme for T. gallinae survival.

Conclusion: The major compounds of lemongrass have potential antitrichomonal activity against T. gallinae in vitro.