Field Efficacy of Topical Nano-Liposomal Amphotericin B (Sina Ampholeish®) Alone or in Combination with Glucantime® and Cryotherapy on Human Cutaneous Leishmaniasis

Zahra  Alizadeh; Mohammad Reza  Shirzadi; Gholam Reza  Hassanpour; Hossein  Keshavarz; Fatemeh  Mohebali; Seyed Ebrahim  Eskandari; Mohammad  Zeinali; Sedigheh  Shirmohammad; Mehdi  Mohebali

doi:10.18502/ijpa.v18i4.14241

Zahra Alizadeh Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Mohammad Reza Shirzadi Zoonoses Control Department, Center for Communicable Diseases Management, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
Gholam Reza Hassanpour Center for Research of Endemic Parasites of Iran, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Hossein Keshavarz Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Fatemeh Mohebali Materials and Energy Research Center (MERC), Karaj, Iran
Seyed Ebrahim Eskandari Center for Research and Training in Skin Diseases and Leprosy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Mohammad Zeinali Zoonoses Control Department, Center for Communicable Diseases Management, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
Sedigheh Shirmohammad Center for Research of Endemic Parasites of Iran, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Mehdi Mohebali Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18502/ijpa.v18i4.14241

Keywords: Cutaneous leishmaniasis; Treatment; SinaAmpholeish®; Glucantime®; Cryotherapy; Human; Iran

Abstract

Background: Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a parasitic disease that presents a broad spectrum of clinical features. Treatment of CL is problematic. We aimed to compare the field therapeutic efficacy of topical nanoliposomes containing 0.4% amphotericin B (Nano Lip-AmB) alone and in combination with cryotherapy and/or Glucantime® on human CL in the endemic areas of Iran.

Methods: This retrospective study was performed based on the results of using Nano Lip-AmB alone or with Glucantime® and/or cryotherapy in the treatment of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (ZCL) in patients referred to health centers of Isfahan, Golestan and Ilam Provinces of Iran as endemic foci of ZCL caused by Leishmania major besides Mashhad and Bam cities as endemic foci of anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL) caused by with L. tropica.

Results: Two hundred and seventy-eight patients with CL were included in the current study. All of the patients (100%) who received Nano Lip-AmB alone or in combination with Glucantime® and/or cryotherapy based on guideline of Iranian national committee for the treatment of CL. Two patients with 7 skin lesions, who was resident in ACL endemic area and received Nano Lip-AmB plus Glucantime® and another patient was a resident of ZCL endemic area and received Nano Lip-AmB plus cryotherapy showed clinical relapses after treatment.

Conclusion: Sina Ampholeish^® in combination with other standard protocols of treatment of CL is well tolerated and with acceptable clinical efficacy rate.