When the Skin Speaks for the Bone Marrow: Sweet Syndrome and Pancytopenia as the Initial Manifestation of Occult AML

Sohrab  Aghabeigi; Nooshin  Ahmadvand; Seyedeh Mohadese  Mosavi Mirkalaie; Azadeh Sedighi  Moghadam; Arefeh  Aref-Eshghi

doi:10.18502/ijhoscr.v20i1.21017

Sohrab Aghabeigi Hematologic Malignancies Research Center, Research Institute for Oncology, Hematology and Cell Therapy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Nooshin Ahmadvand Shahid Dr. Beheshti Clinical Research Development Unit, Shahid Dr. Beheshti-Anzali Educational and Medical Hospital, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
Seyedeh Mohadese Mosavi Mirkalaie Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Anzali International Campus, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
Azadeh Sedighi Moghadam Razi Pathobiology Lab, Rasht, Iran
Arefeh Aref-Eshghi Shahid Dr. Beheshti Clinical Research Development Unit, Shahid Dr. Beheshti-Anzali Educational and Medical Hospital, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18502/ijhoscr.v20i1.21017

Keywords: Sweet syndrome; Acute myeloid leukemia (AML); Paraneoplastic

Abstract

This case report describes the presentation for a 65-year-old patient with Sweet's syndrome (SS) presenting with systemic symptoms of general weakness, fever, and painful skin lesions on the right arm. He reported a history of weight loss with night sweats, while skin lesions manifested as erythematous plaques and painful papules. The diagnosis was confirmed by skin biopsy, which showed features of significant neutrophilic infiltrations on histopathology. Further investigations led to the diagnosis of AML associated with Sweet's syndrome. The study highlights the importance of prompt diagnosis of Sweet's syndrome as a paraneoplastic sign and using multi-disciplinary approach for diagnosis and management of patients with skin lesions and cytopenias.