Sweet's Syndrome as a Prodromal Manifestation of Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Atefeh Rezaee; Tina Vosoughi; Mehran Hosseinzadeh; Mohammad Hossein Rastegar

doi:10.18502/ijhoscr.v19i3.19290

Atefeh Rezaee Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathy Research Centre, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz, Iran
Tina Vosoughi Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathy Research Centre, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz, Iran
Mehran Hosseinzadeh Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathy Research Centre, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz, Iran
Mohammad Hossein Rastegar Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathy Research Centre, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz, Iran

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18502/ijhoscr.v19i3.19290

Keywords: Sweet's syndrome; Acute myeloid leukemia; Neutrophil aggregation in the dermis; Case repor

Abstract

Sweet's syndrome is a rare dermatological condition characterized by a constellation of clinical features, including fever, neutrophilic leukocytosis, painful skin plaques, and dermal neutrophil infiltration. Various etiologies have been documented, encompassing both underlying diseases and pharmacological agents. We present a case involving a 35-year-old female patient who exhibited fever and progressive cutaneous lesions manifesting as a painful erythematous rash on the limbs and trunk. Initially misdiagnosed as seronegative lupus erythematosus, her condition did not improve. A skin biopsy revealed significant neutrophilic infiltration, and she subsequently developed leukocytosis, leading to a diagnosis of acute leukemia upon bone marrow examination. The patient was treated with chemotherapy, resulting in a relative improvement of her skin lesions.