Frequency of Kell and Rh alloantibodies in Iranian Thalassemia Patients in Khorasan Razavi Province, Iran

Farzad Mollahoseini  Foomani; Mohammad Hadi Sadeghian; Saeede Bagheri; Zahra  Badiee; Reihane Bazargani; Zahra Aryanpour; Saeid Hallajiayan; Seyyede Fatemeh Shams

doi:10.18502/ijhoscr.v17i1.11707

Farzad Mollahoseini Foomani Blood Transfusion Organization Research Center, Iranian blood transfusion organization, Mashhad, Iran
Mohammad Hadi Sadeghian Cancer Molecular Pathology Research Center. Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. Mashhad, Iran
Saeede Bagheri Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran
Zahra Badiee Pediatrics Department, Doctor Sheikh Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Reihane Bazargani Blood Transfusion Organization Research Center, Iranian Blood Transfusion Organization, Mashhad, Iran
Zahra Aryanpour Blood Transfusion Organization Research Center, Iranian Blood Transfusion Organization, Mashhad, Iran
Saeid Hallajiayan Blood Transfusion Organization Research Center, Iranian Blood Transfusion Organization, Mashhad, Iran
Seyyede Fatemeh Shams Blood Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18502/ijhoscr.v17i1.11707

Keywords: Thalassemia; Kell blood group system; Rh system; Antibody

Abstract

Background: Thalassemia is an inheritance disease with anemia and hemolysis. Blood transfusion is a routine treatment for thalassemia patients; alloimmunization is one of the complications of blood transfusion, which is very serious for these patients, especially girls and young women.

Materials and Methods: In this cross, sectional study 446 thalassemia patients were examined. Demographic information of patients was extracted and recorded. The phenotype of ABO, Rh and Kell antigens (tube method) with antisera from IMMUNDIANOSTICA Company (Germany) and frequency of alloantibodies was determined.

Results: 55.8% of studied individuals were male and 44.2% were female. Mean age of studied patients was 19.94±10.63. The alloantibodies were detected in 7.5% of pack cell receivers. The most prevalent phenotype of ABO system was O blood group (37.4%), and the most abundant antigen of Rh group was ‘e’, which was found in 99.8% of studied population. The most frequent detected alloantibody was Anti K (38.2%); concerning kell phenotype, (K^_k⁺) and (K⁺k⁺) were found in 99.3% and 0.7% of patients, respectively. The frequency of Anti-D, Anti-C, Anti-c and Anti-E was 23.5%, 14.7%, 2.9% and 14.7%, respectively.

Conclusion: According to the results of this paper, finding the compatible pack cells in terms of Kell and Rh systems antigens in addition to ABO blood group is recommended to decrease the rate of alloantibodies in thalassemia patients.