Comparison of ABSI and Full-Thickness Burns Indexes in the Prediction of Hospital Mortality in Burn Patients

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the abbreviated burn severity index (ABSI) score and the percentage of full-thickness burn in the prediction of hospital mortality in burn patients admitted to Sina Hospital in Tabriz. A total of 250 burn patients admitted to burn, and ICU wards during December 2016-Sep 2018 entered the present cross-sectional descriptive study. The collected data included age, gender, burn percentage, anatomical location of the burn, cause of the burn, severity of the burn, mucosal or inhalation injury, underlying disease, length of stay (day), and the hospital outcome of the patient. There was a significant difference between the two genders in terms of the cause of burns (P<0.0001). The most common cause of burn-in women and men was hot liquids and fire, respectively. 40% TBSA with 92% sensitivity and 94% specificity and 20% full-thickness burns with 98% sensitivity and 88% specificity was obtained in predicting mortality of patients. ABSI score of 9 with 85% sensitivity and 95% specificity was obtained in predicting mortality in patients. By increasing one unit in the ABSI score, the odds ratio increases by 17.5 times in terms of mortality probability. The present study showed a significant difference between the two genders in terms of the cause of the burn, and it is evidently affected by the culture and lifestyle of our country. On the other hand, an investigation of the cause of death in patients with ABSI>9 and taking appropriate measures to reduce their mortality is recommended. Also, it is recommended to use more simple criteria such as burn percentage or full-thickness burns to predict mortality rate in case of burning injury patients.