Outcome of Surgical Closure of Atrial Septal Defect in Sulaimani City

Abstract

An atrial septal defect (ASD), sometimes called a hole in the heart is a type of congenital heart defect in which there is an abnormal opening in the dividing wall between the upper filling chambers of the heart (the atria). To determine the outcome of surgical closure in patients with atrial septal defects, we designed a retrospective study, including 120 patients present with an atrial septal defect after surgical closure done in the cardiac teaching center in Sulaimani city. The data collected include the patients that admitted which are known cases of ASD and treated by open heart surgery during the last nine years from 1^st of January 2008 until the 1^st of January 2018. A total of 120 children diagnosed with Atrial Septal Defect (ASD) were included in this study with a mean age of 7.8±4.4 years; 32.5% of them were 1-5 years old, 50.8% of them were in the age group 6-12 years, and 16.7% of them were in the age group 13-19 years. Only three ASD children received medical treatment while all of them were treated surgically with open-heart surgery. The mean age of ASD children at surgery was7.8±4.4 years; 5.8% of them were 1-2 years old, 28.4% of them were 3-5 years old, 49.1% of them were in the age group 6-12 years, and 16.7% of them were in the age group 13-19 years. There was a significant association between primum ASD type and large ASD with posteroinferior deficient rims (P=0.04). A significant association was observed between primum ASD type and large IAS (P=0.006). Mean ASD diameter was significantly higher among patients with primum ASD type (P=0.01). The outcome of surgical closure of the atrial septal defect in children is effective and safe. Ventricular arrhythmia in the form of ectopic was the postoperative complication in one patient. The main echocardiography findings of children with atrial septal defects were large ASD with posteroinferior deficient rims.