Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma in a Patient with Myelodysplastic Syndrome: Report of a Case and Literature Review

Parmiss  Omidsalar; Monir Moradzadeh  Khiavi; Nafiseh  Sheykhbahaei

doi:10.18502/fid.v22i37.19830

Parmiss Omidsalar Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Medicine, School of Dentistry, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
Monir Moradzadeh Khiavi Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Nafiseh Sheykhbahaei Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18502/fid.v22i37.19830

Keywords: Myelodysplastic Syndromes; Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck; Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases

Abstract

Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is a bone marrow clonal stem cell disorder characterized by the inability of immature blood cells to mature. Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) has not been previously reported in MDS patients without underlying diseases. We present a case of poorly differentiated OSCC in a 27-year-old patient with MDS. A literature review revealed 11 case reports about solid tumors in different organs of MDS patients. Among these, 5 articles reported head and neck carcinoma but none of them reported oral cancer in MDS patients. MDS predisposes patients to hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic malignancies. The oral cavity is one of the critical sites that needs to be examined periodically and regularly in MDS patients to detect OSCC in its early stages.