Comparative Antifungal Efficacy of Curcumin Plus Nystatin Versus Nystatin Monotherapy for Treatment of Denture Stomatitis: A Clinical Trial

Haniye Meftahpour; Simin Leasan; Zahra Jafariazar; Taraneh Farrokhnia

doi:10.18502/fid.v22i8.17841

Haniye Meftahpour Private practice, Tehran, Iran
Simin Leasan Oral Medicine Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
Zahra Jafariazar Department of Pharmaceutics, Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
Taraneh Farrokhnia Oral Medicine Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18502/fid.v22i8.17841

Keywords: Candida albicans; Curcumin; Erythema; Nystatin; Stomatitis, Denture

Abstract

Objectives: This study compared the antifungal efficacy of curcumin plus nystatin versus nystatin monotherapy for treatment of denture stomatitis.

Materials and Methods: This single-blind clinical trial evaluated 32 patients with types II and III denture stomatitis. Microbial samples were collected from the patients’ palate to count the Candida albicans (C. albicans) colonies. Erythema of the palate was quantified by measuring the surface area of the erythematous sites. The patients were randomly assigned to two groups (n=16). The control group received nystatin suspension while the test group received a curcumin mouthwash plus nystatin suspension. The number of C. albicans colony forming units (CFUs) and the surface area of the erythematous sites were calculated again after 14 days. Data were analyzed using t-test and Wilcoxon signed-rank test (alpha=0.05).

Results: Both groups experienced a significant reduction in C. albicans colony count after the intervention (P<0.001). There was no significant difference in reduction of colony count between the two groups (P=0.341). Both groups experienced a significant reduction in the size of erythema (P=0.001 for the nystatin and P<0.001 for the nystatin plus curcumin). The two groups were not significantly different regarding the size of erythema at baseline (P=0.956) or after the intervention (P=0.491).

Conclusion: Addition of curcumin to nystatin suspension did not add any significant advantage with regard to reduction of C. albicans colony count or erythema of the palate, and both interventions were equally effective.