Multidisciplinary Management of Intravenous Leiomyomatosis: A Case Report

Fariba Behnamfar; Fatemeh Ghasemi; Fereshteh Salimi; Somayeh Hajiahmadi; Azam Zafarbakhsh

doi:10.18502/crcp.v10i1.19475

Fariba Behnamfar Reproductive Sciences and Sexual Health Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Fatemeh Ghasemi Department of Gynecology Oncology, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Fereshteh Salimi Department of Vascular Surgery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Somayeh Hajiahmadi Department of Radiology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Azam Zafarbakhsh Department of Pelvic Floor Surgery, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18502/crcp.v10i1.19475

Keywords: Intravenous leiomyomatosis; Hysterectomy; Bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy

Abstract

Intravenous leiomyomatosis (IVL) is an unusual smooth muscle tumor characterized by benign smooth muscle cells growing within blood vessels, often reaching the inferior vena cava, right atrium, and pulmonary vessels. The best treatment is complete surgical removal, and the outlook is typically positive, with recurrence occurring rarely. This report discusses a 38-year-old woman who was unexpectedly found to have intravenous leiomyomatosis extending from her uterus to the inferior vena cava and right atrium. She underwent one-stage surgery, which included total hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, and removal of the lesions from the inferior vena cava and right atrium, all without the need for thoracotomy.