The Multidimensional Social Burdens of Informal Caregivers of Cancer Patients in Ibadan, Southwest Nigeria: A Qualitative Study Using the Health Belief Model

Abstract

Background: Cancer is an emerging public health crisis in low- and middle-income countries and places an immense strain not only on patients but also on the informal caregivers who provide essential support to them. Despite their critical role, there is limited evidence on the social burden experienced by informal caregivers in Nigeria. This paper identifies the social burdens experienced by informal caregivers of cancer patients in Ibadan, Southwestern Nigeria.

Methods: A qualitative study design was employed using in-depth interviews to explore caregivers’ experiences. Eighteen informal caregivers (14 females and 4 males) were recruited through purposive and convenience sampling at a tertiary healthcare facility in Ibadan. Moreover, interviews were conducted exclusively in English, which may have limited participants' ability to express nuanced experiences, as many were Yoruba speakers. Data was analysed using thematic analysis to identify recurring patterns and themes.

Results: Findings revealed that caregiving responsibilities were predominantly assumed by women, particularly spouses and family members. Informal caregivers experienced multi-faceted social burdens, including physical strain and financial hardship. Caregivers also navigated complex emotional dynamics, balancing their own distress while supporting patients.

Conclusion: Social inequalities, cultural expectations, and personal responsibilities increase the burden faced by informal caregivers of cancer patients in Ibadan. Informal caregiving roles disrupt the personal and professional lives of the caregivers. Therefore, there is a need for targeted policy and interventions, including structured caregiver support and improved healthcare infrastructure, to reduce caregiver burden and improve cancer care.