Prevalence of Multi-Drug Resistant Bacteria Isolated from Patients Admitted to the Intensive Care Unit in Tehran, Iran: a Five-Year Prospective Study- 2019-2023

Ali Ahmadi; Soghra Khani; Abas Ali Imani Fooladi

doi:10.18502/jmb.v13i4.20525

Ali Ahmadi Molecular Biology Research Center, Biomedicine Technologies Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Soghra Khani Department of Biochemistry, Pasteur institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
Abas Ali Imani Fooladi Molecular Biology Research Center, Biomedicine Technologies Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18502/jmb.v13i4.20525

Keywords: Bacterial infections, Drug resistance, Intensive care unit, Nosocomial infections.

Abstract

Background: The study aims to identify bacterial agents and study the prevalence of pathogenicbacteria isolated from patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit, as well as recognize factorsaffecting nosocomial infection that can lead to control and treatment of these infections.

Methods: This study was conducted in the Intensive Care Unit of Baqiyatallah Hospital in Tehran.Totally 738 samples were obtained from patients with a bacterial infection were included in this study.Patient information, including age, gender, type of clinical sample, susceptibility testing, year ofhospitalization in to the Intensive Care Unit, and the prevalence of isolated bacteria, was analyzed.

Results: The findings of this study revealed that Acinetobacter, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, andStaphylococcus aureus had the highest and Escherichia coli, Enterobacter, and Streptococci had thelowest prevalence in the to the Intensive Care Unit isolates. Gram-negative bacteria were responsiblefor most nosocomial infections in the Intensive Care Unit. The rate of nosocomial infections in theIntensive Care Unit had a constant incidence in the recorded years. The rate of nosocomial infectionswas higher in the male patients than female, with a higher average year of age. Also, the resultsshowed that most isolates were multiple drug resistant.

Conclusion: The high rate of nosocomial infections in to the Intensive Care Unit belonged torespiratory infections. Factors such as intubation and elderly age are associated with the type ofinfection. Bacterial isolates had a high level of resistance to most antibiotics. Therefore, periodicantibacterial sensitivity assessment could help optimize empirical antibiotic therapy against to theIntensive Care Unit acquired infections.