Comparative Evaluation of Serological, ELISA and Molecular Tests in Diagnosis of Brucella abortus in Human Serum

Fereshteh Ghanbari; Haniyeh  Bashi Zadeh Fakhar; Saeed Alamian; Babak Shaghaghi

doi:10.18502/jmb.v11i5-6.14361

Fereshteh Ghanbari Department of Laboratory Science, Chalous Branch, Islamic Azad University, Chalous, Iran
Haniyeh Bashi Zadeh Fakhar Department of Human Geneticse, Science And Research Branch, Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
Saeed Alamian Department of Brucellosis, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education, and Extension Organization, Karaj, Iran.
Babak Shaghaghi Department of Laboratory Science, Chalous Branch, Islamic Azad University, Chalous, Iran.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18502/jmb.v11i5-6.14361

Keywords: Brucella abortus, ELISA, Molecular Diagnosis, Serological

Abstract

Background: Brucellosis is one of the most prevalent and common diseases between humans and animals.Prompt diagnosis and timely treatment of this disease can prevent many complications. In this regard, this study aims to comparatively evaluate ELISA, PCR and serological methods to identify Brucella abortus.

Methods: In this study, the serum of 100 patients referred to Tonekabon private laboratory from July 2020 to January 2021 was examined by PCR, ELISA and Wright, Coombs Wright, and 2ME methods for the detection of Brucella abortus.

Results: In this study, the mean age of the sample was 43.3 ± 18.2 of which 21% were infected with Brucella abortus according to the above serological methods. According to ELISA test, 22% of the samples were IgM, 6% of the samples were IgG and 16% were PCR positive. Kappa agreement coefficient in Wright and Coombs Wright test and 2me were significant (P <0.001). Serological diagnostic indices and ELISA sensitivity were 68.75% and 68.75%, respectively. The lowest prediction rate of Brucella abortus among diagnostic methods was related to Elisa (IgM). Based on Fisher's exact test, there was no significant relationship between the percentage of Brucella abortus positive PCR cases and age, sex, previous history of infection with Brucella, fever, body aches and dairy consumption.

Conclusion: Based on the results of our study, the accuracy of all methods is comparative and the lowest accuracy is related to Elisa (IgM) which has a lower level of predictability than other methods. The highest level of prediction belonged to Wright and 2me tests.