The Effect of Twisted Uterus Caused by Endometriosis or Myomatosis on Reproductive Treatment Outcomes

Belen Moliner; Francisco Sellers; Andrea Bernabeu; Ana Fuentes; Juan Carlos Castillo; Joaquin Llacer; Rafael Bernabeu

doi:10.18502/jfrh.v15i2.6451

Belen Moliner Reproductive Medicine Department, Bernabeu Institute, Alicante, Spain
Francisco Sellers Reproductive Medicine Department, Bernabeu Institute, Alicante, Spain
Andrea Bernabeu Reproductive Medicine Department, Bernabeu Institute, Alicante, Spain
Ana Fuentes Reproductive Medicine Department, Bernabeu Institute, Alicante, Spain
Juan Carlos Castillo Reproductive Medicine Department, Bernabeu Institute, Alicante, Spain
Joaquin Llacer Reproductive Medicine Department, Bernabeu Institute, Alicante, Spain
Rafael Bernabeu Reproductive Medicine Department, Bernabeu Institute, Alicante, Spain

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18502/jfrh.v15i2.6451

Keywords: Leiomyoma; Endometriosis; Assisted reproductive techniques; Ultrasonography; Diagnostic imaging

Abstract

Objective: Twisted uterus is detected when the body of the uterus is rotated from the cervical canal. This anomaly may be due to different causes, such as uterine fibroids, endometriosis or the presence of both. The study has aimed to compare the effect of the twisted uterus cause in terms of reproductive treatment outcomes.

Materials and methods: It consisted of a retrospective study of twisted uterus cases with repeated implantation failure (more than three embryo transfers or four blastocysts transferred unsuccessfully) in our ultrasound department. The twisted uterus was defined when the vaginal probe needed to be rotated to assess the endometrial line thoroughly or when the coronal view was seen by 2D scan. From 2017 to 2020, 879 gynecological ultrasounds were performed. For statistical analysis, we carried out a logistical regression analysis adjusted by confounding factors.

Results: From 145 patients included only 92 patients underwent reproductive treatments. With the known cause of uterine torsion. 56 patients with endometriosis, 18 with uterine myoma and the remaining 18 suffered from both. After assisted reproductive treatment, the endometriosis group showed the highest clinical pregnancy rate (53.57%) compared to myoma (22.22%) and endometriosis and myoma (38.89%) groups.

Conclusion: Uterine myoma capable of causing uterine torsion may affect embryo implantation more than endometriosis. Prospective randomized studies with a larger number of patients would be needed to confirm these findings.