Exploring the Genetic Influence of Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Non-Receptor Type 22 (PTPN22) on Inflammatory Biomarkers in Endometriosis Progression

Parvathy  Sreekumar; Anitha  Chandrahausan; Anthony  Josephine; Prabu  Dhandapani; Bobby  Joseph; Sheeja Mullukalayil  Joseph; Jiju Jayasree  Sasidharan Nair; Dinesh Roy  Divakaran

doi:10.18502/jfrh.v19i4.21074

Parvathy Sreekumar Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Anitha Chandrahausan Meenakshi Medical College and Research Institute, Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education and Research, Kanchipuram, Tamil Nadu, India
Anthony Josephine Central Research Laboratory, Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Prabu Dhandapani Dr. ALM PG Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Bobby Joseph Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Sheeja Mullukalayil Joseph Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Jiju Jayasree Sasidharan Nair Regional Cancer Centre, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
Dinesh Roy Divakaran Genetika Centre for Advanced Genetic Studies, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18502/jfrh.v19i4.21074

Keywords: Endometriosis; Inflammatory Biomarkers; Immune Regulation; Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines; Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Non-Receptor Type 22

Abstract

Objective: Investigating the genetic influence of Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Non-Receptor Type 22 (PTPN22) on key inflammatory biomarkers-Interleukin-1β, Interleukin-6, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and to evaluate their association with disease progression in endometriosis. Specifically, this study aims to (i) assess differential expression of PTPN22 in cases versus controls, (ii) examine correlations between PTPN22 expression and inflammatory markers, and (iii) determine the predictive value of these biomarkers using ROC curve analysis.

Materials and methods: This study involved 150 women with endometriosis and 150 matched controls. Blood samples were analyzed for inflammatory markers (IL-6, IL-1β, hsCRP) using ELISA and PTPN22 gene expression by real-time PCR. Statistical analyses were conducted using Stata 17.0, and ethical approval (01/2022/ICEG) and informed consent was obtained.

Results: PTPN22 expression was higher in endometriosis cases (p = 0.0001), suggesting a role in disease pathophysiology. ROC analysis showed moderate predictive accuracy (AUC = 0.63). Among the inflammatory markers, hs-CRP was the most diagnostic, followed by IL-6 and IL-1β, with stronger positive correlations observed in the endometriosis group.

Conclusion: These findings highlight the translational relevance of PTPN22 and hsCRP as candidate biomarkers for early detection and risk stratification in endometriosis, underscoring the interplay between genetic susceptibility and inflammatory signaling in its pathogenesis.