The Effect of Training Male Smokers About the Effects  of Secondhand Smoke in Pregnant Wives on Their  Self-Efficacy

Zohreh Karimiankakolaki; Sakineh Gerayllo; Seyed Saeed  Mazloomy Mahmoodabad

doi:10.18502/jfrh.v17i4.14597

Zohreh Karimiankakolaki Department of Health, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran
Sakineh Gerayllo Department of Health, Faculty of Health, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
Seyed Saeed Mazloomy Mahmoodabad Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18502/jfrh.v17i4.14597

Keywords: Male Smokers; Pregnancy; Secondhand Smoke; Self-Efficacy

Abstract

Objective: Contact with second-hand cigarette smoke includes inhalation of cigarette smoke caused by the burning of the cigarette itself and inhalation of smoke exhaled by the smoker. Wife's pregnancy can be a motivating factor to change the behavior of men who smoke. Therefore, this study was conducted in order to determine the effect of training male smokers on the effects of secondhand smoke during pregnancy on their self-efficacy.

Materials and methods: The present study is an interventional type of pre-test and post-test. In this phase, random sampling was done from health centers in Isfahan, the participants were 140 smoking spouses of pregnant women, who referred to health centers to receive pregnancy care, and were divided into two intervention and control groups. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire on men's self-efficacy regarding second-hand cigarette smoke. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed based on the opinion of the expert panel with content validity ratio (CVR)=0.87 and content validity index (CVI)=0.88, and its reliability was confirmed with Cronbach's alpha=0.97. All data were analyzed with SPSS18 software and Chi-score, Fisher, t-test.

Results: There was no significant difference between the comparison of demographic variables in the intervention and control groups (p>0.05). The results of the paired t-test to compare before and after the training showed that the average score of self-efficacy (p<0.001) in the intervention group had increased significantly after the training, and according to the independent t-test, the average score of self-efficacy After training, it was more in the intervention group than the control group (p<0.05).

Conclusion: Men's self-efficacy regarding second-hand smoke increased after training, so the current training package is effective in training and can be suggested for future studies.