Epidemiological Features of Spontaneous Abortion in the North Africa and the Middle East from 1990 to 2019: Results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Mehdi x Mehdi Moradinazar; Reza Rostami; Nazila Armaghan; Mohammad Shakiba; Amirreza Rai; Sogand Abbasi Azizi; Ebrahim Shakiba

doi:10.18502/jfrh.v16i3.10579

Mehdi x Mehdi Moradinazar Behavioral Disease Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
Reza Rostami Behavioral Disease Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
Nazila Armaghan School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
Mohammad Shakiba Cardiovascular Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
Amirreza Rai School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Sogand Abbasi Azizi Behavioral Disease Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
Ebrahim Shakiba Behavioral Disease Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18502/jfrh.v16i3.10579

Keywords: Spontaneous Abortion; Burden of Disease; Middle East; North Africa

Abstract

Objective: Spontaneous abortion is one of the most common problems which a woman may encounter during her pregnancy which is one of the most important causes of maternal death. Therefore, the aim of this study was to report the epidemiological features of spontaneous abortion in North Africa and the Middle East (NAME) countries.

Materials and methods: The study population included 21 countries in the NAME region with a population of more than 600 million. The Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2019 database was used. Incidence rates, the prevalence rates, death rates, the disability adjusted life years (DALYs) rates by age-standardized rate (ASR) per 100,000 people were measured. Also, the attributed burden to iron deficiency was reported.

Results: In 2019, the highest prevalence 39.44 (95% CI, 24.58_ 59.26) and incidence 4794.16
(95% CI, 3491.77_ 6353.03) rates of spontaneous abortion were in Afghanistan. In 2019, the
highest spontaneous abortion related-death 5.88 (95% CI, 3.23_ 8.97) and DALYs 339.12 (95% CI, 184.29_ 516.95) rates by ASR were in Yemen. In MENA, average prevalence (44.7 to 19.82) and incidence (5434.95 to 2409.61) rates have decreased by nearly 56%, and also average death (1990 4.51 to 2019 0.48) and DALYs (263.15 to 29.37) rates have decreased by nearly 89% between 1990 and 2019. The highest spontaneous abortion-related DALYs rate was attributed to iron deficiency. In 2019, Yemen (29%) had the highest attributed burden to iron deficiency.

Conclusion: This study on 21 countries in the NAME region with a population of more than 600 million showed that average prevalence and incidence rates of spontaneous abortion have decreased by nearly 56%, and also average and the disability adjusted life years (DALYs) rates have decreased by nearly 89% between 1990 and 2019.