The Role of Platelet-Rich Products in Soft Tissue Repair after Extraction of Wisdom Teeth: A Review

Farzaneh  Bolandparva; Nima  Malekhosseini; Arvin  Asgarzade

doi:10.18502/jcr.v12i1.19667

Farzaneh Bolandparva Department Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Nima Malekhosseini DDs, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Arvin Asgarzade DDs, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18502/jcr.v12i1.19667

Keywords: Impacted wisdom teeth; Soft tissue; Hard tissue; Repair; Platelet-rich plasma (PRP); Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF).

Abstract

Introduction: The extraction of the third molar, commonly known as wisdom tooth extraction, is one of the most frequent clinical procedures. This surgery can lead to several postoperative complications such as pain, trismus, swelling, dry socket and damage to soft and hard tissues, significantly impacting the patient’s quality of life. Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) and Platelet-Rich Fibrin (PRF) have been proposed as an effective treatment to mitigate these complications and enhance tissue repair. This study aims to review the role of PRP and PRF in soft tissue repair following wisdom tooth extraction between 2015 and 2023.

Materials and Methods: This research reviewed the role of PRP and PRF in soft tissue repair after wisdom tooth extraction. Articles from Scopus, PubMed, Elsevier, and SID databases were selected and reviewed based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, focusing on publications from 2015 to 2023. The search was conducted using keywords such as “impacted wisdom teeth,” “soft tissue,” “hard tissue,” “repair,” “PRP” and “PRF.”

Results: Nineteen relevant studies were identified, with no studies conducted in 2023. The studies from this period were primarily meta-analyses with varying degrees of relevance to the study topic. The distribution of the studies reviewed is as follows: three studies in 2022, four studies in 2021, three studies in 2020, one study in 2019, one study in 2018, one study in 2017, two studies in 2016, and four studies in 2015. These studies collectively suggest that PRP and PRF are beneficial in reducing postoperative complications and enhancing the repair of soft tissue damaged during wisdom tooth surgery.

Conclusion: PRP and PRF effectively reduce postoperative complications and promote the restoration of soft tissues damaged by wisdom tooth extraction. Therefore, in cases of soft tissue damage and periodontal conditions in patients undergoing wisdom tooth surgery, PRP and PRF can be a valuable treatment option for tissue repair.