The Relationship between anosmia and ageusia with biochemical markers, severity, and duration of the disease in patients with COVID-19

Ahmadreza Rasouli; Mashhoud Taghiloo; Hamid Khederlou; Fatemeh Moradi; Zahra Rostami; Mohammad Jafarzadeh; Houshang  Bavandpour karvane; Karim Parastouei

doi:10.18502/jcr.v9i3.12694

Ahmadreza Rasouli Health Research Center, Life Style Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Mashhoud Taghiloo Vali-e-Asr Hospital, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
Hamid Khederlou Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Fatemeh Moradi Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
Zahra Rostami Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
Mohammad Jafarzadeh Department of Infectious Diseases Vali-e-Asr Hospital School of Medicine Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
Houshang Bavandpour karvane Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Karim Parastouei Health Research Center, Life Style Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18502/jcr.v9i3.12694

Keywords: COVID-19; Anosmia; Ageusia; C-reactive protein; Lactate dehydrogenase

Abstract

Introduction: Due to the increasing prevalence of COVID-19 and its effects on the sense of taste and smell, we analyzed Blood electrolyte levels and biomarkers in COVID-19 patients who have a sign of anosmia and ageusia in Zanjan, Iran, and its relationship with biochemical blood indicators.

Method: The retrospective study included all hospitalized patients with confirmed COVID-19. We registered laboratory parameters. A questionnaire that validity and reliability have already been confirmed was used to assess anosmia and ageusia. Statistical analysis was evaluated using a bivariate Bayesian logistic regression in the binomial distribution.

Results: A total of 450 COVID-19 patients completed the study (221 females). The mean age of the patients was 56.36±17.34 years. 31.8% and 24.9% of patients reported anosmia and ageusia. There was no significant relationship between anosmia and ageusia with age, gender, place of hospitalization, marriage status, duration of hospitalization, and CT scan (p<0.05). The Male's platelet was 18.72 lower than the female’s (p=0.002). Male's C-reactive protein was 4.96 units higher than female(p=0.002). In hospitalized persons for less than four days and people under 39 years of age, CRP levels were lower (P=0.001, P=0.019 respectively). The Levels of lactate dehydrogenase in patients with anosmia were 51.72 units less than in patients without anosmia (p=0.010).

Conclusion: These results suggest that anosmia and ageusia are prevalent symptoms in Iranian COVID-19 patients. More information on serum biomarkers would help us to establish a greater degree of accuracy on this matter.