Factors Regarding Adherence to Medication in Patients with Hypertension Based on Health Belief Model in the South of Kerman, Iran, in 2019

Abbas  Zangiabadi; Armita  Shah Esmaili; Seyed Vahid  Ahmady Tabatabaei; Ehsan  Movahed; Hamideh  SHhankestani

doi:10.18502/jchr.v11i2.9995

Abbas Zangiabadi Msc of Health Education, School of Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
Armita Shah Esmaili HIV/STI Surveillance Research Center, and WHO Collaborating Center for HIV Surveillance, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
Seyed Vahid Ahmady Tabatabaei Department of public Health, School of Health, Jiroft University of Medical Sciences, Jiroft, Iran
Ehsan Movahed Department of public Health, School of Health, Jiroft University of Medical Sciences, Jiroft, Iran
Hamideh SHhankestani Msc student of Health Education, School of Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18502/jchr.v11i2.9995

Keywords: Medication Adherence, Hypertension, Health Belief Model

Abstract

Introduction: Hypertension is the most important public health problem in developing countries. This study aimed to investigate factors associated with medication adherence of hypertension based on the health belief model.

Method: This was an analytical cross-sectional study. In this study, 403 hypertensive patients in Shahdad and Andoohjerd of Kerman were selected by census method. Data collection tools were a researcher-made questionnaire including the Health Belief Model (HBM) and Moriskyself-report questionnaire. Cronbach alph was 0.9. Then the data were analysed by SPSS vesrsion 24 and the significance level was P< 0.05. mean (SD), Frequency (percent) used to descriptive statistics and two Independent sample t-test, Mann-Whitney U test and Binary Logistic Regression were used for data analysis. All statistical analysis were done in SPSS 19 with significant level of 5 %.

Results: More than half of the patients (57.1%) had poor medication adherence. Most of the subjects (84.1%) used less than three drugs. Chi square test results showed a significant relationship between drug compliance and age group, education and job results of multiple logistic regression showed, three factors of awareness (OR=1.116, p =0.016), cues to action (OR=0.68, p =0.030) and perceived barriers (OR=0.83, p=<0.001) had significant effect on Medication Adherence .

Conclusion: Effective interventions based on the health belief model and with emphasis on raising awareness, practicing guide and removing perceived barriers can increase medication adherence in patients with hypertension.