Recreational Sports and the Development of Happiness in Older Adults: A Systematic Review

Masoud  Naderian; Amir Hossein  Labbaf

doi:10.18502/ehj.v11i2.20699

Masoud Naderian Department of Motor Behavior and Sport Management, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
Amir Hossein Labbaf Department of Motor Behavior and Sport Management, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18502/ehj.v11i2.20699

Keywords: Systematic Review, Sports, Happiness, Aged, Leisure Activities

Abstract

Introduction: Recreational sports significantly enhance the physical and mental well-being of older adults, contributing to their overall quality of life and happiness. This study aimed to identify the key factors that shape their inclination toward recreational sports and the development of happiness.

Methods: This study used a systematic review approach to analyze articles on factors influencing older adults’ inclination toward recreational sports and the development of happiness. Relevant Persian and English articles published in reputable national and international journals were included. For domestic articles, databases such as SID, Magiran, Noormags, Civilica, and Irandoc were used. For international articles, a comprehensive search was conducted using databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, as well as platforms including Human Kinetics, ScienceDirect, Sage, Taylor & Francis, Wiley Online Library, Eric, and Google Scholar. The search was restricted to studies published between 2020 and 2024 to ensure the inclusion of the most recent and relevant research. Keywords related to recreational sports, active leisure, and the development of happiness among older adults were used in both Persian and English.

Results: The results of the research, derived from the analysis of 24 studies, indicated that factors such as previous sports experience during youth and middle age, economic status, policy-making methods, organizational, governmental, and private support, interest in physical activity, innovation and technology development, physical and mental health, environmental conditions, emotional and psychological state, and social circles, including friends and family, had the most significant impact on older adults' inclination towards recreational sports and, ultimately, the development of happiness among them.

Conclusion: Supportive policies and targeted training programs should be developed to promote recreational sports among older adults, alongside providing tailored facilities, financial security, and social respect. Improving transportation access and using media for awareness can further enhance their participation and overall happiness.