Management of Pediatric Candida Endocarditis: A Mini Review on Available Literature Between 2010-2022

Mohamad Rafie  Khurgami; Fariba  Shirvani; Zeynab  Yassin; Maryam  Fattahi; Pegah  Tamimi; Aliasghar  Ghaderi; Mahsa  Fattahi

doi:10.18502/acta.v63i3.19714

Mohamad Rafie Khurgami Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Fariba Shirvani Pediatric Infections Research Center, Research Institute for Children’s Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Zeynab Yassin Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Maryam Fattahi Moheb Kowsar Hospital, Tehran, Iran
Pegah Tamimi School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Aliasghar Ghaderi School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Mahsa Fattahi Immunology, Asthma and Allergy Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18502/acta.v63i3.19714

Keywords: Candida endocarditis; Pediatrics; Children; Neonate; Risk factors; Antifungal; Resistance; Biofilm

Abstract

There has been a notable rise in cases of Candida Endocarditis (CE). Even with surgical procedures and antifungal treatments, the worldwide impact of Candida on health, including morbidity and mortality, has escalated. This narrative review was carried out through the PubMed and Scopus databases, where the search terms “Candida” and “Endocarditis” were used. The search strategy included meta-analyses, randomized controlled trials, clinical trials, observational studies, reviews, and case reports. The search was restricted to articles written in the English language from 2010 to Dec 30, 2022. Moreover, duplicate articles and non-available full-text articles were excluded. The extracted data of the search results were retrieved in this study. A background involving central venous catheters (CVC), congenital heart conditions and persistent debilitating illnesses heightens the chances of infection. Early initiation of antifungal treatment is crucial when considering Candida species and associated risk factors. The majority of research has concentrated on adult populations, leaving a gap in studies concerning pediatric patients. Presents manuscript review pediatric CE, including recent advances in management.