Prevalence of Adverse Transfusion Reactions in Hospitalized Patients in Tertiary Heart Center of Sari, Iran in 2014-2020

Mehdi Bahrami; Farzane Felehkari; Mahdie  Darvish-Khezri; Ali Kheirandish; Aghil Mollaie; Mohammad Ahmadi; Zahra Faghihian; Hanie Mostafavi; Pardis Karimnezhad; Nima  Ahmadi Nik Jouneghani; Soheil Azizi

doi:10.18502/tbsrj.v4i2.9661

Mehdi Bahrami Student Research Committee, School of Dentistry, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
Farzane Felehkari Student Research Committee, Department of Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Science, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
Mahdie Darvish-Khezri Student Research Committee, Department of Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Science, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
Ali Kheirandish Student Research Committee, School of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
Aghil Mollaie Student Research Committee, School of Health, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
Mohammad Ahmadi Student Research Committee, Department of Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Science, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
Zahra Faghihian Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Gorgan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.
Hanie Mostafavi Student Research Committee, Department of Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Science, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
Pardis Karimnezhad School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
Nima Ahmadi Nik Jouneghani Student Research Committee, School of Allied Health Sciences, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
Soheil Azizi Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18502/tbsrj.v4i2.9661

Keywords: Adverse transfusion reaction; Autologous; Blood transfusion

Abstract

Introduction: Our study aimed to determine the prevalence of adverse transfusion reactions (ATRs), unexpected or undesirable effects resulting from the therapeutic use of blood products.

Material and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we assessed the medical records of ATR patients who were referred to Mazandaran Heart Center from March 2014 until July 2020. Patients needed blood transfusions during the operation for various reasons; complications related to blood administration were considered ATR. Age, sex, associated clinical signs, symptoms, and adverse response were composed of a patient's file checklist with ethical points. SPSS 16.0 was used for statistical analysis.

Results: In this study, 23,206 blood products were used in hospitals as treatment, and there were 96 reactions (4%) because of transfusion, and 10 patients had a history of recent reactions. There was not any specific connection between the age of patients and the existence of complications. Most reactions were allergic (44%) and non-hemolytic febrile reactions (42%). It is essential to state that 91% of adverse reactions were slight ones, and only 5% led to the injury. Out of 96 patients with complications, 79 patients received blood products as pack cells; 6 patients received Fresh Frozen Plasma; 3 patients received autologous blood products, while this number was one for Blood Low Leukocytes and platelets (PLT).

Conclusion: Based on this investigation, the risk of adverse transfusion reactions (ATRs) is 4%, and universally 85 million units of blood products are transfused every year. Consequently, investigation to reduce this number is required.