Correlation between Arterial Blood Oxygen Saturation, Underlying Diseases and Clinical Signs of COVID-19 Patients with Their Final Outcome

Ebrahim Nasiri; Masoumeh Zakeri Azizi; Kazem Aghajanipoor

doi:10.18502/tbsrj.v3i4.7796

Ebrahim Nasiri Department of Anesthesiology, Operating room, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Traditional and Complementary Medicine Research Center, Addiction Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
Masoumeh Zakeri Azizi Student Research Committee, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
Kazem Aghajanipoor Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18502/tbsrj.v3i4.7796

Keywords: Arterial blood oxygen saturation, Clinical signs, Coronavirus, COVID-19, SPO2, Underlying diseases

Abstract

Introduction: COVID-19 can rapidly cause lung damage and severe respiratory distress and subsequently reduce oxygen saturation (SPO2), especially in generally ill patients, which may be exacerbated if severe clinical symptoms or underlying diseases are added. This may lead to deterioration of blood oxygenation or even increase the risk of death when severe clinical symptoms or underlying diseases are present. Therefore, the aim of this study was to Evaluation of the relationship between arterial blood oxygen saturation level and outcome in COVID-19 patients.
Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study of 250 patients referred to Imam Sari Hospital with symptoms of respiratory infection, gastrointestinal, and general symptoms in January 2020 to September 2020. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 26.
Results: 27 out of 250 patients died. There is a positive correlation between systemic patient, SPO2 and less than 90% with death results (P<0/02). Patients with heart disease (44.4%), cancer (30.1%), diabetes (11.1%), cerebrovascular accident (18.5%) died (P<0/05). There was no positive correlation between weakness, fever, dyspnea, nausea, and diarrhea and appetite loss with death.
Conclusion: Based on the present study, it was found that patients whose clinical symptoms were associated with underlying disease and SPO2 to a severe and critical degree had a higher risk of adverse outcome such as death. People with underlying conditions such as DM, CVD, HTN, and a history of angiography and cancer are also more likely to die due to COVID-19. Most deaths in the present study had low SPO2 at before admission, indicating a strong association between patient mortality and severity of lung involvement and low SPO2.