Evaluation of Prognostic Risk Factors in Patients with Diabetic Foot Ulcers Admitted to Sayyad Shirazi Hospital in Gorgan during 2018-2020

Abstract

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most common diseases in the world and diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is one of the main causes of mortality and morbidity. This study was done for the evaluation of prognostic risk factors in hospitalized patients with DFU.

Material and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the records of all patients with DFU referred to Sayyad Shirazi Hospital in Gorgan during 2018-2020 were reviewed to determine the demographic characteristics, paraclinical findings, and clinical features. All information of patients was entered into the checklist. Frequency, percentage, mean± standard deviation (SD) were used to describe the data. Chi-square and ANOVA tests were used to investigate the relationship between each. SPSS software version 20 was used for data analysis.

Results: In this study 379 patient with DFU were studied that 54.1% were female. 62.3% of patients were in the age group of 45 -65 years.  In these patients, 64.9% had hypertension and 37.7% had cardiovascular disease. 6.8% and 21.2% were smokers and drug addicts, respectively and 17.7% had history of lower limb amputation .76% of patient had grade 2 and 3 Wagner’s DFUs. According to the statistical analysis, there was no significant relationship between insulin treatment, smoking and opium use, and patientchr('39')s age with the final outcome of discharge. The chi-square test showed the relationship between white blood cells (WBCs) erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) level and final outcome.

Conclusion: DFU prognosis may be related to WBC and ESR, grading of DFU, and history of lower limb amputation.