How Much Excess Body Weight, Blood Pressure, Triglyceride, or Age Can Double the Likelihood of Diabetes Type 2?

Parya  Jangipour Afshar; Hamid  Najafipour; Mitra Shadkam  Farokhi; Armita Shahesmaeili

doi:10.18502/ijph.v51i4.9256

Parya Jangipour Afshar Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Physiology Research Center, Institute of Neuropharma-cology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
Hamid Najafipour Cardiovascular Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Science, Kerman Iran
Mitra Shadkam Farokhi Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
Armita Shahesmaeili HIV/STI Surveillance Research Center, and WHO Collaborating Center for HIV Surveillance Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18502/ijph.v51i4.9256

Keywords: Diabetes; Risk factor; Odds ratio

Abstract

Background: We aimed to identify the level of known risk factors of diabetes associated with doubled likelihood of diabetes type 2.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, an analysis was performed on the data of 9930 individuals aged 15 yr and older participating from 2014 to 2018 in the second phase of the Kerman coronary artery disease risk factors study (KERCADRS), Kerman, Iran. Data were collected using a standard questionnaire. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to identify factors associated with doubled chance of diabetes.

Results: The mean age of participants was 46.1±15.5 yr from which 59.5% were women. Overall, 1105 (11.1%) individuals had type 2 diabetes. An increase of 13.86 yr in age, an increase of 17.32 kg/m² unit in the amount of body mass index, an increase of 0.17 in the waist-to-hip ratio, a 77 mmHg increase in systolic blood pressure and 6.07 unit increase in triglyceride to HDL ratio doubled the chances of developing type 2 diabetes.

Conclusion: Slight changes in the waist-to-hip circumference ratio (0.17), aging (14 yr), and increase in TG/HDL ratio (6.07 unit) were the most important risk factors, while intense physical activity was the most important protective factor associated with doubling of the chances of developing diabetes. Since most of these risk factors are modifiable, increase in physical activity and providing facilities to improve lifestyle in the community seems necessary.