Physical Activity Behaviors and Overweight Status among Irani-an School-Aged Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Big Data Analysis

Sajad  Bagherian; Khodayar  Ghasempoor; Julien S  Baker; Mohammad Mashhadi

doi:10.18502/ijph.v51i3.8946

Sajad Bagherian Department of Sport Sciences, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
Khodayar Ghasempoor Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Technical and Vocational University, Tehran, Iran
Julien S Baker Centre for Health and Exercise Science Research, Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health, Hong Kong Baptist Uni-versity, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
Mohammad Mashhadi Department of Sports Injuries and Corrective Exercises, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18502/ijph.v51i3.8946

Keywords: COVID-19; Epidemiology; Physical activity; Home-based exercise; School closer

Abstract

Background: We aimed to investigate school-aged students' physical activity behaviors and overweight status during the COVID-19 quarantine.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, an online questionnaire was utilized to measure participants' physical activity behavior and overweight status during the COVID-19 quarantine in Iran (May of 2021). Participants self-reported their physical activity levels, types, amounts and locations, as well as whether or not they became overweight. The chi-square test was used to determine the differences in the distribution of the participant responses. The statistical significance level was set at P<0.05.

Results: The questionnaire was completed by 43,660 school-aged students (15,532 boys and 28,128 girls). The age, weight, and height ranges were 8–17 yr, 18–144 kg, and 75–198 cm respectively. Half of the students reported changes in their body weight and became overweight during the COVID-19 pandemic (χ²=25514.4; P=0.001). Forty-one percent reported doing very little or no physical activity, 32% of students reported doing less than one hour of exercise per day (χ2=8547.7; P=0.001). The majority of students (72%) reported participating in physical activity at home (χ2=78851.2; P=0.001). Flexibility was the main kind of exercise performed, followed by walking or running, during the COVID-19 pandemic (χ2=24328.9; P=0.001).

Conclusion: During the COVID-19 pandemic, half of the students became overweight, and the majority did not engage in regular physical activity. These findings can help guide efforts to protect and promote children's health during the COVID-19 outbreak, as well as influence policies to reduce the risk of future pandemics.