Urbanization Levels and Its Association with Prevalence of Risk Factors and Colorectal Cancer Incidence

Mostafa  Enayatrad; Parvin  Yavari; Hamid  Vahedi; Sepideh  Mahdavi; Koorosh Etemad; Soheila  Khodakarim

doi:10.18502/ijph.v50i11.7588

Mostafa Enayatrad Clinical Research Development Unit, Bahar Hospital, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
Parvin Yavari Cancer Research Centre, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Hamid Vahedi Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
Sepideh Mahdavi Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
Koorosh Etemad Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Soheila Khodakarim Department of Biostatistics, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18502/ijph.v50i11.7588

Keywords: Colorectal cancer; Incidence; Risk factors; Urbanization levels

Abstract

Background: Colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancers in the world. This study aimed to determine the relationship between risk factors and the incidence of colorectal cancer in Urbanization levels in Iran.

Methods: This was a population-based study. Urbanization levels were determined using the census data of the Statistical Center in 2012. Data on risk factors for colorectal cancer were obtained from the information provided by the Iranian Non-Communicable Disease Control Center and the incidence of colorectal cancer from the data from the National Cancer Registry System. Negative binomial regression analysis was used to determine the relationship between colorectal cancer risk factors and urbanization levels with colorectal cancer incidence. For statistical analysis, SPSS and Stata software were used. A significant level of P≤0.05 was considered.

Results: The relationship between urbanization levels and risk factors with the incidence of colorectal cancer, nutrition Status, tobacco use, and body mass index were not significant. There was a significant relationship between physical activity and incidence at different levels and between levels of urbanization and incidence rate, indicating a lower incidence rate of colorectal cancer at lower levels of urbanization.

Conclusion: Colorectal cancer incidence is higher at higher levels of urbanization than lower levels. The difference between regions in terms of urbanization can have in flounce on access to facilities, health service, and counseling opportunities to modify the risk factors and access to proper screening and follow-up care.