Community Empowerment through Cadres in the Tuberculosis Program: A Scoping Review

Agung  Setiyadi; Uki  Noviana; Eti Nurwening  Sholikhah; . Akhmadi; Hanim  Mufarokhah

doi:10.18502/ijph.v54i7.19113

Agung Setiyadi Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Uki Noviana Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Eti Nurwening Sholikhah Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
. Akhmadi Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Hanim Mufarokhah Faculty of Health Sciences, Institut Teknologi Sains dan Kesehatan Rs. dr. Soepraoen, Malang, Indonesia

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18502/ijph.v54i7.19113

Keywords: Cadres; Community empowerment; Tuberculosis program

Abstract

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a global public health problem with high morbidity and mortality rates, especially in low- and middle-income countries. Community-based approaches, including empowerment of health cadres, have been recognized as a key strategy to improve the success of TB control programs. This review systematically identifies research that has been carried out to determine the contribution of cadres in tuberculosis control programs in various countries.

Methods: This scoping review used five electronic databases, namely PubMed, Scopus, Medline-Ebscohost, ProQuest, and Cochrane, to identify the contribution of cadres in TB programs. Article selection was based on PCC (Population, Concept, Context) criteria with a limitation of 2014-2024 and only English-language articles.

Results: Out of 793 initial articles, 20 articles met the eligibility criteria. Studies show that empowering cadres is effective in detecting TB cases, improving patient adherence to treatment, and overcoming stigma through culture-based education. However, challenges such as lack of training, incentives, and access to diagnostic tools often hinder cadre performance.

Conclusion: Health cadres play an important role in bridging the gap between formal health services and the community. With the support of structured training, resource allocation, and community empowerment, cadres can maximize their impact in TB control programs.