Exploring the Dynamics: A Comprehensive Scoping Review of Factors Influencing Organ Donation Decisions: A Scoping Review

Husain  Nadaf; Mangesh  Jabade; Amey  Khande; Gururaj  Udapi; Vijayalaxmi  Chidanand Patil

doi:10.18502/ijph.v54i6.18894

Husain Nadaf Symbiosis College of Nursing, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Pune, India
Mangesh Jabade Symbiosis College of Nursing, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Pune, India
Amey Khande KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Institute of Nursing Sciences, Belagavi, India
Gururaj Udapi KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Institute of Nursing Sciences, Belagavi, India
Vijayalaxmi Chidanand Patil Siddhagiri Nursing Institute, Kolhapur, India

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18502/ijph.v54i6.18894

Keywords: Tissue and organ procurement; Brain death; Transplantation; Opinion

Abstract

Background: This scoping review explores the key demographic and psychosocial factors impacting organ donation, with a focus on studies utilizing online or digital platforms. We aimed to understand the existing facts that influence to effects of the organ donation decision.

Methods: This review followed the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. A comprehensive search of PubMed, CINAHL, and Medline was conducted using MeSH terms and logical operators to identify relevant studies published in English 2018 to 2023. Studies focusing on the demographics and influencing factors for organ donors of any age were included. Abstract concepts, conference proceedings, and non-English studies were excluded. Data extraction and quality assessment were independently conducted by two reviewers using standardized tools, including the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale, Cochrane Risk of Bias tool, and Joanna Briggs Institute checklist.

Results: Out of 270 records identified, 9 studies met the inclusion criteria. The synthesis of results revealed three major themes: 1) demographic characteristics of organ donors, 2) psychosocial and digital factors influencing organ donation, and 3) interventions promoting awareness and engagement in organ donation. Online and digital platforms play a significant role in shaping attitudes, intentions, and awareness of organ donation. Quality assessment indicated a moderate-to-high level of methodological rigor across the included studies.

Conclusion: This review highlights the key factors influencing organ donation, particularly the role of digital platforms in enhancing awareness and engagement. Future research should focus on leveraging these insights to develop targeted interventions aimed at increasing organ donation rates globally.