Association of Adiponectin and Resistin Gene Polymorphisms with Undernutrition Risk among Type 2 Diabetes Patients in Bosnia and Herzegovina

Maja  Vuković; Miloš  Maksimović; Siniša  Ristić; Milan  Kulić; Biljana  Mijović; Marija  Milić; Nenad  Lalović; Nikolina  Elez-Burnjaković; Danijela  Radulović; Dajana  Nogo-Živanović; Ljiljana  Krsmanović; Nada  Avram; Biljana  Milinković; Siniša  Šolaja; Sandra  Matović; Jovan  Kulić; Bojan  Joksimović

doi:10.18502/ijph.v54i4.18420

Maja Vuković Faculty of Medicine Foča, University of East Sarajevo, Foča, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Miloš Maksimović Faculty of Medicine Foča, University of East Sarajevo, Foča, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Siniša Ristić Faculty of Medicine Foča, University of East Sarajevo, Foča, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Milan Kulić Faculty of Medicine Foča, University of East Sarajevo, Foča, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Biljana Mijović Faculty of Medicine Foča, University of East Sarajevo, Foča, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Marija Milić Faculty of Medicine, University of Pristina Temporarily Settled in Kosovska Mitrovica, Kosovska Mitrovica, Serbia
Nenad Lalović Faculty of Medicine Foča, University of East Sarajevo, Foča, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Nikolina Elez-Burnjaković Faculty of Medicine Foča, University of East Sarajevo, Foča, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Danijela Radulović Faculty of Medicine Foča, University of East Sarajevo, Foča, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Dajana Nogo-Živanović Faculty of Medicine Foča, University of East Sarajevo, Foča, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Ljiljana Krsmanović Faculty of Medicine Foča, University of East Sarajevo, Foča, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Nada Avram Faculty of Medicine Foča, University of East Sarajevo, Foča, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Biljana Milinković Faculty of Medicine Foča, University of East Sarajevo, Foča, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Siniša Šolaja Faculty of Medicine Foča, University of East Sarajevo, Foča, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Sandra Matović Faculty of Medicine Foča, University of East Sarajevo, Foča, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Jovan Kulić Faculty of Medicine Foča, University of East Sarajevo, Foča, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bojan Joksimović Faculty of Medicine Foča, University of East Sarajevo, Foča, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18502/ijph.v54i4.18420

Keywords: Adiponectin; Resistin; Polymorphism; Type 2 diabetes; Undernutrition

Abstract

Background: Undernutrition disorder is a prevalent comorbidity (up to 25%) in type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients which significantly compromises their health. We aimed to assess the association between single nucleotide polymorphysms (SNPs) adiponectin (ADIPOQ) +276 (G/T) and resistin (RETN) -420 (C/G) with the risk of developing T2D and undernutrition in patients with T2D.

Methods: The research was conducted as prospective case-control study among 106 patients with T2D and 106 healthy control individuals in the territory of the Bosnia and Herzegovina from Sep 1st 2022 to May 1st 2023. For assessing the nutritional status, the mini nutritional assessment (MNA) was used. DNA analysis was carried out by restriction fragment length polymorphism-polymerase chain reaction (RFLP-PCR) method. The data were analyzed using chi-square test, t-test for independent samples and binary multivariate logistic regression.

Results: The research included 212 subjects of which 124 (58.5%) were male. The mean age of the subjects was 68.48±4,67 yr. Almost 20% of subjects were undernourished, significantly more T2D patients when compared to controls (33% vs. 6.6%; P<0.001). ADIPOQ +276 GT genotype was identified as significant predictor of T2D (OR: 3.454; 95% CI: 1.400-8.521; P=0.007) and undernutrition disorder (OR: 3.453; 95% CI: 1.331-8.961; P=0.011) in T2D population, while the presence of RETN -420 CG genotype had protective effect against occurrence of T2D (OR: 0.353; 95% CI: 0.144-0.867; P=0.023). However, RETN genotypes were not associated with undernutrition disorder.

Conclusion: ADIPOQ +276 gene polymorphism represent a significant predictor for development of T2D and undernutrition disorder in T2D population, while RETN -420 gene polymorphism was identified as a significant factor associated with a reduced risk for T2D, but was not associated with undernutrition.