Addressing Challenges of Implementing Community First  Responder Models based on National and International  Experiences: A Systematic Scoping Review

Abbas  Naboureh; Mehrdad  Farrokhi; Shokoufeh  Ahmadi; Mohammad  Saatchi; Fereydoun  Layeghi; Hamidreza  Khankeh

doi:10.18502/ijph.v53i12.17309

Abbas Naboureh Health in Emergency and Disaster Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Mehrdad Farrokhi Health in Emergency and Disaster Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Shokoufeh Ahmadi Health in Emergency and Disaster Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Mohammad Saatchi Health in Emergency and Disaster Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Fereydoun Layeghi Department of Clinical Science, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Hamidreza Khankeh Health in Emergency and Disaster Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18502/ijph.v53i12.17309

Keywords: Community first responder; Emergency medical services; Trained volunteers

Abstract

Background: This systematic scoping review aimed to investigate and delineate the dimensions of the Community First Responder (CFR) model implemented in emergency medical services (EMS) across different countries. The primary focus was on identifying key components and characteristics associated with CFR programs.

Methods: This study conducted an extensive search across multiple databases (PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science) and grey literature sources (Google Scholar, official sites) until Mar 2023 using keywords related to community first responders. Initially, 14,135 articles were found. After removing duplicates and similar titles, 37 articles were reviewed. The analysis covered training, motivation, public awareness, emotional support for responders, coordination with ambulance staff, program development, and the impact on patient outcomes.

Results: This review revealed key dimensions and components common to CFR models worldwide. Notable findings included insights into the significance of training, the motivating factors for individuals joining CFR groups, public awareness regarding the role of CFRs, the importance of emotional support for CFRs, effective coordination with ambulance staff, development requirements of CFR programs, and the consequential effects of plan implementation on patient outcomes.

Conclusion: This systematic scoping review offers valuable insights into CFR models worldwide, enhancing understanding of their effectiveness, challenges, and capabilities. Its recommendations can influence policy, guide future research, and strengthen CFRs' contributions to emergency medical services.