Maternal Fasting Plasma Glucose, Age and Body Mass Index as Prediction of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Iran

Sedigheh  Hantoushzadeh; Mamak  Shariat; Leyla  Sahebi; Minor  Lamiyan; Lida  Moghaddam-Banaem; Raheleh  Moradi

doi:10.18502/ijph.v53i10.16723

Sedigheh Hantoushzadeh Vali-E-Asr Reproductive Health Research Center, Family Health Research Institute, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Mamak Shariat Maternal-Fetal, and Neonatal Research Center, Family Health Research Institute, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran Uni-versity of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Leyla Sahebi Maternal-Fetal, and Neonatal Research Center, Family Health Research Institute, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran Uni-versity of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Minor Lamiyan Department of Reproductive Health & Midwifery, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
Lida Moghaddam-Banaem Department of Reproductive Health & Midwifery, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
Raheleh Moradi Breastfeeding Research Center, Family Health Research Institute, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18502/ijph.v53i10.16723

Keywords: Gestational diabetes mellitus; Fasting blood sugar; Body mass index; Birth weight; ROC curve

Abstract

Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common complication of pregnancy that can lead to adverse outcomes. In this retrospective cohort study, maternal fasting blood sugar (FBS) in the second trimester of pregnancy, body mass index (BMI), and age were assessed as potential screening indicators of later GDM.

Methods: The study population included information on 4007 Iranian pregnant women documented by the Integrated Health Record System (SIB) record system (2019-2020).

Results: In the adjusted analysis, FBS maintained a significant relationship with GDM (P ≤0.001). In the simple ROC analysis, the AUC (SE) of FBS for the prediction of GDM was 0.905(0.09), and considering the cut-off point as 85.95, sensitivity (Se) and specificity (Sp) were equal to 0.81 and 0.71, respectively, but by stillbirth, abortion, prematurity, neonatal weight, height, and head circumference not obtained acceptable AUC (≥.60) for detection of FBS cut-off point. The cut-off point of FBS in the presence of maternal age (AUC>0.6) and BMI (AUC>0.6) by GDM was 83.75(Se= 86.4%, Sp= 80.0%).

Conclusion: Based on the evidence presented, maternal weight and BMI are important in predicting hyperglycemia leading to GDM. It is necessary to conduct more precise national studies to standardize the FBS cut-off point by controlling age and BMI variables.