Trend of Cardiovascular Diseases in the Northern Regions of the Republic of Kazakhstan at the Outpatient Level

Gulshara  Berdeshova; Aiman  Musina; Lyazat  Orakbay; Aidana  Tolegenova; Saya Zhorabek; Assel  Amanova; Shynar  Kulbayeva

doi:10.18502/ijph.v53i2.14927

Gulshara Berdeshova Department of General Hygiene, West Kazakhstan Medical University named after M. Ospanov, Aktobe, Kazakhstan
Aiman Musina Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, Astana Medical University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
Lyazat Orakbay Department of Public Health, Kazakh-Russian Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
Aidana Tolegenova Department of Health Policy and Management, Kazakh National Medical University named after S.D. Asfendiyarov, Almaty, Kazakhstan
Saya Zhorabek Department of Health Policy and Management, Kazakh National Medical University named after S.D. Asfendiyarov, Almaty, Kazakhstan
Assel Amanova Department of Public Health and Hygiene, Astana Medical University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
Shynar Kulbayeva Department of Clinical Disciplines, Kokshetau University named after Sh. Ualikhanov, Kokshetau, Kazakhstan

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18502/ijph.v53i2.14927

Keywords: Cardiovascular diseases; Urban; Rural; Ambulatory care; Chronic diseases

Abstract

Background: We aimed to study the rate and trends of the incidence of chronic cardiovascular diseases in urban and rural areas of the northern regions of the Republic of Kazakhstan (RK) from 2015 to 2020.

Methods: The retrospective data were analyzed using modern methods of biomedical statistics. We used the Electronic Register of Dispensary Patients (2015-2020), where we conducted a retrospective study and trend calculations. The study included patients with chronic cardiovascular diseases (CVD) (according to the International Classifier of Diseases-10, the following nosologies were identified: I25 chronic coronary heart disease and its nosological forms (I25.0-I25.9), and patients by age categories, consisting of dispensary registration in polyclinics of the northern region of the RK.

Results: For 2015 - 2020 in the northern region (urban and rural) of RK, 12,315 patients were registered, who were on dispensary records for the chronic CVD. This amounted to 87.3% of urban residents, and 12.7% of rural residents. The share of patients with chronic CVD in the northern region of the republic by age groups had a bimodal growth pattern with the first peak at the age of 60-74 (40.4%) and the second - at the age of 45-59 (37.7%).

Conclusion: This study notes an increase in chronic CVD, both in urban and rural areas of the northern region of the RK. This once again proves the need for the development, implementation and use of modern tools in the provision of medical services to cardiological patients at the outpatient level, taking into account the characteristics of the northern regions of our country.