The predictor’s Consumption of Omega-3 Supplements Based on the Constructs of Health Belief Model (HBM) in the Elderly Alzheimer Prevention

Zahra Jalili; Reza Tavakoli; Sahar Jalili

doi:10.18502/tbj.v20i6.8961

Zahra Jalili Associate Professor,Department of Health Education and Promotion, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University,Tehran, Iran.
Reza Tavakoli Associate Professor, Department of Health Education and Promotion, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
Sahar Jalili Assistant Professor, Department of Fisheries, Abadan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Abadan, Iran.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18502/tbj.v20i6.8961

Keywords: Alzheimer’s disease, Health Belief Model, Omega-3 supplementation, elderly

Abstract

Introduction: Omega-3 is one of the most essential fatty acids for human being that must intake from diet. Many studies showed that, there is a relationship between consumption of diet containing omega-3 fatty acids (EPA, DHA) and reduction of dementia. The aim of present study was to determine predictors of consumption of omega-3 supplements in order to prevent AD based on the Health Belief Model (HBM) constructs in elderly.

Methods: In this analytical cross-sectional study, 323 elderly, who referring to the Health centers of Tehran city in 2016, have been selected by using a multistage sampling method. Data collection tools included demographic, information, knowledge and Health Belief Model (HBM) constructs. The questionnaire was distributed after confirming its validity and reliability. The results were analyzed by using SPSS-18 software and statistical tests, including Chi 2 test, independent T test, person correlation coefficient, Spearman test, and logistic regression model.

Results: Logistic regression analysis showed that the best predictors of omega supplementation are respectively, knowledge, performance, self-efficacy, and perceived susceptibility that could predict 74.5% consumption or not consumption of omega3 supplementation. The other result of present study indicated that the score mean of , knowledge, susceptibility, severity, severity and benefits perceived, self-efficacy and performance was significantly more in elderly who consumed omega-3 supplements that those who not (P<0.001).

Conclusion: The present study leads to identify the most powerful constructs of HBM in predicting the behavior of consumption of omega-3 supplement in elderly. Therefor this model could act as a reference framework in planning and educational interventions in order to prevent be Alzheimer disease.