The Effect of self-efficacy education based on self-care behaviors of self-administered hypertension groups

Zahra  Asa Kohne Forody; Mehdi  Gholian Aval; Hadi  Tehrani; Habibollah Esmaily

doi:10.18502/tbj.v20i4.7813

Zahra Asa Kohne Forody M.Sc., Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, School of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Science,Mashhad,Iran.
Mehdi Gholian Aval Associate Professor, Health Science Research Center, Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, School of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, Iran.
Hadi Tehrani Professor of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Habibollah Esmaily Professor of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18502/tbj.v20i4.7813

Keywords: Hypertension, Self-efficacy, Self-care, Patient, Blood pressure self-help group

Abstract

Introduction: High blood pressure is a chronic disease that requires long-term treatment; despite being asymptomatic, it leads to fatal complaints and complications. Therefore, the present study was conducted to determine the effect of education based on self-efficacy theory on self-care behaviors of hypertensive self-help groups in comprehensive health service centers in Mashhad in2020.

Methods: This study is a quasi-experimental study in which 80 female patients with hypertension were randomly divided into experimental and control groups. The educational intervention was based on the theory of self-efficacy for the experimental group. Data collection tools were a three-part questionnaire including: demographic information and a standard questionnaire of self-efficacy and self-care of blood pressure. Data were analyzed using independent t-test, Mann-Whitney, Chi-square, Fisher's exact test, Friedman test and repeated measures and analysis of covariance by SPSS software version 20 with a significance level of 0.05

Results: There was a significant difference in self-efficacy (P <0.001) and self-care (P <0.001) scores and controlled blood pressure between the experimental and control groups. The self-care score increased by 0.84 which was also statistically significant (p <0.001)

Conclusion: Intervention based on the theory of self-efficacy can be effective in promoting self-care and self-efficacy of blood pressure self-help groups. Therefore, it is suggested that this theory be used in educational planning for patients and blood pressure self-help groups.