Evaluation of the effectiveness of habit reversal techniques on reducing nail biting disorder and state/trait anxiety of male  high school Students in khorramabad

Houshang  Garavand; Saeideh  Sabzian

doi:10.18502/tbj.v21i2.10344

Houshang Garavand Assistant Professor, Psychology Department, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran.
Saeideh Sabzian Assistant Professor, Department of Counseling, School of Humanities, Hazrate Masoumeh University, Qom, Iran.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18502/tbj.v21i2.10344

Keywords: Nail Biting, Habit Reversal Techniques, State/Trait Anxiety

Abstract

Introduction: Nail biting is an inappropriate habit and its exact cause is debatable. Researchers believe that nail biting disorder is often associated with psychiatric disorders, including anxiety. State/trait anxiety can be considered an unstable emotional state reflecting the individual's interpretation of a stressful situation in a particular time frame and varies depending on the degree to which the situation is perceived threatening. This study aims to determine the evaluation of the effectiveness of habit reversal techniques on reducing nail biting disorder and state/trait anxiety in students.

Methods: The present semi-experimental study with pretest, post-test, and follow-up was conducted on six junior high school male students in the age range of 13-15 years, who asked for help by referring to the school counseling and were selected by convenience sampling method. They received a program of habit reversal techniques individually in 6 sessions for 1 month. Clinical interviewing, frequency recording of nail biting per day, and state/trait anxiety test were used to measure the variables.

Results: Data analysis showed that habit reversal techniques reduce nail biting and students' state/trait anxiety. Follow-up one month after the end of treatment indicated the persistence of these results.

Conclusion: The habit reversal training is effective on treating nail biting, reducing anxiety, and promoting the person life quality and symptoms from nail biting. Due the low sample size, it is suggested that while repeating the study in a larger sample, its effectiveness on the treatment of other habitual disorders be studied.