Evaluation of Risk Factors Related to Life Status of Patients With  COVID-19 Hospitalized in Yazd

Seyed Yaser Ghelmani; Hossein Soleymani Salehabadi; Homa Moazen; Hossein Nazmiah; Tahere Fallah Tafti; Azam Kabirzadeh; Somayeh Gholami

doi:10.18502/tbj.v21i2.10343

Seyed Yaser Ghelmani Assistant Professor, Department of Internal Medicine, Clinical Research Development Center, Shahid Sadoughi Hospital, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
Hossein Soleymani Salehabadi Assistant Professor, Department of Rheumatology, Shahid Sadoughi Hospital, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
Homa Moazen Master of Biostatistics, Clinical Research Development Center of Shahid Sadoughi Hospital, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
Hossein Nazmiah Instructor, Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
Tahere Fallah Tafti Master of Biostatistics, Shahid Sadoughi Hospital, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
Azam Kabirzadeh B.Sc. of Social Work, Clinical Research Development Center of Shahid Sadoughi Hospital, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
Somayeh Gholami Master of Epidemiology, Clinical Research Development Center of Shahid Sadoughi Hospital, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18502/tbj.v21i2.10343

Keywords: COVID-19, Risk Factors, Mortality, Odds Ratio, Logistic Regression

Abstract

Introduction: Following the epidemic crisis and the outbreak of Coronavirus 2019 (Covid-19) in Iran and other provinces, the statistics of the patients showed that Yazd is among the top few provinces in the country in terms of the prevalence and incidence of this deadly disease. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the risk factors related to the life status of patients with coronavirus.

Methods: In this cross-sectional analytical study, demographic, clinical, and biochemical information of 932 patients who were infected with COVID-19 from May 2018 to March 2019 and were hospitalized in Shahid Sadoughi Hospital in Yazd were examined. Information was recorded through patients’ records or telephone calls. Data analysis was performed by independent t-test, Mann-Whitney, Chi-square, and logistic regression using SPSS-22 software.

Results: Based on the results 57.9% (N=540) of patients were male and the mean age of all patients was 53.33 (19 ± 0.15) years, and also 9.6% (N=82) of patients died. The risk of death for patients hospitalized in the intensive care unit (ICU) was 75 times higher than that of patients who were hospitalized in general wards. Also, the risk of death for patients with a history of cancer was 12 times higher than other patients. The risk factors associated with mortality were identified by multivariate logistic regression model, which included increasing age, having shortness of breath, history of cancer, hospitalization in the ICU, increased white blood cell count, and sodium deficiency.

Conclusion: In order to reduce the mortality of patients with COVID-19, it is necessary for physicians to prioritize the treatment of elderly patients with underlying diseases, such as cancer and shortness of breath in order to improve their clinical condition.